In karate classes for adults, we strive to achieve todome (finish technique) while also seeking longevity in training. Both effectiveness and longevity are achieved by using precise movement of specific segments out of optimal static and dynamic postures and alignment within total body movement.
Maintaining or restoring precise movement of specific segments and the relationships between segments is also the key to correcting or preventing musculoskeletal pain.
The biomechanics of human movement is similar to the mechanics of machines, in that the longevity of components and efficiency of performance require precise movements of the rotating segments. In contrast to machines, stress on human tissues is necessary for optimal health; stress in the right amount can improve the strength of tissues.
Too much stress can harm tissues, and too little stress is not effective. The loss of precise movement can begin a cycle that harms tissues over time.
As with other mechanical systems, alignment is important. Optimal posture and alignment facilitate optimal movement. If alignment is faulty before movement starts, correction is needed to achieve ideal configuration, which must be retained throughout the movement.
The more ideal the alignment of the skeletal segments, the more optimal the performance of controlling segments such as muscles and the nervous system. Similarly, if alignment is faulty, there is a greater chance of causing microtrauma to joints and supporting structures. Studies have shown that spinal segments subjected to most movement are the ones showing the greatest signs of degenerative changes, especially when movement deviates from ideal.
Optimal muscular performance is achieved through subtle adjustments of muscular length and strength, as well as patterns of recruitment. This produces and maintains alignment and balance of human joint motion.
In adult karate classes, we constantly work on posture and alignment along with optimizing the timing of movements. Timing refers to external segments, internal muscle action, the right amount of activation at the right time, and harmonious interaction of muscles with external dynamics.
We also stretch typically tight muscles and strengthen over-lengthened or weak muscles. Research shows altered posture causes loss of proprioception (kinesthetic awareness and feedback through mechanoreceptors in the skin, muscles, and tendons) and altered timing of activation.
For example, people who sit for prolonged periods with head-forward posture show loss of proprioceptor cells around the lumbar spine, and smaller muscles like multifidus and inner fibers of lumbar erectors—supposed to fire as stabilizers—start acting as fast-twitch fibers, with delayed activation for shorter periods.
These changes compromise lumbar spine stability, reducing the effectiveness of larger outer muscles, the “movers.”
In karate classes for adults, optimal posture and timing mean a quicker start of technique, increased total movement speed, more powerful body snap and acceleration, stronger and more complete muscle contraction at kime, and less stress on joints.
Optimal posture and precise sequencing make karate techniques highly effective while supporting long-term musculoskeletal health.